207 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
207 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
# 3D 打印控制面板公网部署方案
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## 一、服务器准备
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### 1.1 云服务器推荐
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| 厂商 | 推荐配置 | 价格约 |
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|------|---------|--------|
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| 腾讯云轻量应用服务器 | 2核2G 50G SSD | 60/月 |
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| 阿里云轻量应用服务器 | 2核2G 40G SSD | 60/月 |
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| DigitalOcean | 2核2G 50G SSD | $10/月 |
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地区选择：**国内**（用户访问快，需备案）或 **香港/海外**（免备案）
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### 1.2 域名（可选）
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- 国内服务器需备案后才能使用域名
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- 香港/海外服务器可直接使用域名
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- 推荐在腾讯云/阿里云购买域名（.com 约 60/年）
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---
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## 二、服务器环境配置
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### 2.1 安装 Python 3
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```bash
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# Ubuntu/Debian
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt install -y python3 python3-pip python3-venv
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# 检查版本
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python3 --version
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```
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### 2.2 安装 Nginx
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```bash
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# Ubuntu/Debian
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sudo apt install -y nginx
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```
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### 2.3 配置防火墙
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```bash
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sudo ufw allow 22 # SSH
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sudo ufw allow 80 # HTTP
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sudo ufw allow 443 # HTTPS
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sudo ufw enable
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```
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---
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## 三、部署应用
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### 3.1 上传代码
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```bash
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# 在服务器上
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cd /var/www
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sudo mkdir mqtt-web
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sudo chown $USER mqtt-web
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cd mqtt-web
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# 上传 mqtt_web 目录内容（可通过 git 或 scp）
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```
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### 3.2 创建虚拟环境
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```bash
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cd /var/www/mqtt-web
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python3 -m venv venv
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source venv/bin/activate
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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```
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### 3.3 测试运行
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```bash
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# 测试能否正常启动
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python3 app.py
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# 访问 http://服务器IP:3000 测试
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```
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---
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## 四、Nginx 配置（推荐）
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### 4.1 创建配置文件
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/mqtt-web
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```
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### 4.2 写入配置（HTTP）
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com; # 替换为你的域名
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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# WebSocket 支持（备用）
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
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}
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}
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```
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### 4.3 启用配置
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```bash
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mqtt-web /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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sudo nginx -t
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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---
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## 五、SSL 证书（HTTPS）
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### 5.1 安装 Certbot
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```bash
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sudo apt install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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```
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### 5.2 获取免费证书
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```bash
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sudo certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com
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```
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按提示输入邮箱，完成后自动配置 HTTPS
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---
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## 六、Systemd 服务（开机自启）
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### 6.1 创建服务文件
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/mqtt-web.service
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```
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### 6.2 写入内容
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=MQTT Web Control Panel
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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User=www-data
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Group=www-data
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WorkingDirectory=/var/www/mqtt-web
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Environment="PATH=/var/www/mqtt-web/venv/bin"
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ExecStart=/var/www/mqtt-web/venv/bin/gunicorn -w 2 -b 127.0.0.1:3000 app:app
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Restart=always
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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### 6.3 启用服务
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```bash
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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sudo systemctl enable mqtt-web
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sudo systemctl start mqtt-web
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```
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---
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## 七、访问方式
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- **有域名**：https://your-domain.com
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- **无域名**：http://服务器IP
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---
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## 八、常见问题
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### Q1: 端口被占用
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```bash
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sudo lsof -i :3000
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sudo kill -9 <PID>
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```
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### Q2: 查看日志
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```bash
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sudo journalctl -u mqtt-web -f
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```
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### Q3: 更新代码
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```bash
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sudo systemctl stop mqtt-web
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# 更新代码...
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sudo systemctl start mqtt-web
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```
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---
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## 九、架构图
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```
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用户浏览器
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↓ HTTPS
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Nginx (80/443)
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↓ Proxy
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Gunicorn (3000端口)
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↓
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Python Flask + MQTT
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↓
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MQTT Broker (mqtt.beihong.wang)
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↓
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STM32
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```
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