添加农业环境模块，集成 MQTT 客户端功能，支持配置参数和数据发布

components/agri_env/CMakeLists.txt

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+idf_component_register(
+    SRCS "agri_env.c"
+    INCLUDE_DIRS "include"
+    REQUIRES driver mqtt cjson esp_timer esp_event relay_ctrl
+)

components/agri_env/Kconfig.projbuild

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+menu "MQTT 配置参数"
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_BROKER_URI
+    string "MQTT 服务器地址"
+    default ""
+
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_USERNAME
+    string "MQTT 用户名"
+    default ""
+
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_PASSWORD
+    string "MQTT 密码"
+    default ""
+
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_CLIENT_ID
+    string "MQTT Client ID"
+    default "agri-env-monitor"
+
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_PUBLISH_TOPIC
+    string "MQTT 发布主题"
+    default "agri/env/data"
+
+config AGRI_ENV_MQTT_SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC
+    string "MQTT 订阅主题"
+    default "agri/env/cmd"
+
+endmenu

components/agri_env/agri_env.c

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+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
+#include "freertos/semphr.h"
+
+#include "esp_check.h"
+#include "esp_err.h"
+#include "esp_event.h"
+#include "esp_log.h"
+#include "mqtt_client.h"
+#include "cJSON.h"
+#include "relay_ctrl.h"
+
+#include "agri_env.h"
+
+static const char *TAG = "agri_env";
+
+/**
+ * @brief 农业环境模块上下文结构体
+ * 包含 MQTT 客户端句柄、连接状态以及用于线程安全的互斥锁
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    SemaphoreHandle_t lock;         /*!< 互斥锁，保护共享资源 */
+
+    esp_mqtt_client_handle_t mqtt_client; /*!< ESP MQTT 客户端句柄 */
+    bool mqtt_connected;             /*!< MQTT 连接状态标识 */
+} agri_env_ctx_t;
+
+static agri_env_ctx_t s_ctx;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 规范化 MQTT 代理 URI
+ * 
+ * 将 menuconfig 中的原始字符串处理为标准形式（例如加上 mqtt:// 前缀或默认端口 1883）
+ * 
+ * @param buffer 存储结果的缓冲区
+ * @param buffer_size 缓冲区大小
+ * @param was_prefixed [out] 如果进行了修整或添加前缀，则设为 true
+ * @return const char* 返回规范化后的字符串指针，失败返回 NULL
+ */
+static const char *agri_env_get_normalized_mqtt_uri(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size, bool *was_prefixed)
+{
+    const char *uri = CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_BROKER_URI;
+    if (was_prefixed != NULL) {
+        *was_prefixed = false;
+    }
+
+    if (uri == NULL || uri[0] == '\0') {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // 去除前导空白字符
+    while (*uri == ' ' || *uri == '\t' || *uri == '\r' || *uri == '\n') {
+        ++uri;
+    }
+
+    size_t uri_len = strlen(uri);
+    // 去除尾部空白字符
+    while (uri_len > 0 && (uri[uri_len - 1] == ' ' || uri[uri_len - 1] == '\t' || uri[uri_len - 1] == '\r' || uri[uri_len - 1] == '\n')) {
+        --uri_len;
+    }
+
+    if (uri_len == 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // 如果已经包含协议前缀 (如 mqtt://), 直接复制并返回
+    if (strstr(uri, "://") != NULL) {
+        if (uri_len + 1 >= buffer_size) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        memcpy(buffer, uri, uri_len);
+        buffer[uri_len] = '\0';
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+    // 自动补全协议前缀和默认端口
+    const bool has_port = memchr(uri, ':', uri_len) != NULL;
+    int written;
+    if (has_port) {
+        written = snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "mqtt://%.*s", (int)uri_len, uri);
+    } else {
+        written = snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "mqtt://%.*s:1883", (int)uri_len, uri);
+    }
+    
+    if (written < 0 || written >= (int)buffer_size) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (was_prefixed != NULL) {
+        *was_prefixed = true;
+    }
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief MQTT 事件处理回调函数
+ * 
+ * 处理连接、断开、接收数据等事件
+ */
+static void agri_env_mqtt_event_handler(void *handler_args, esp_event_base_t base, int32_t event_id, void *event_data)
+{
+    (void)handler_args;
+    (void)base;
+
+    esp_mqtt_event_handle_t event = (esp_mqtt_event_handle_t)event_data;
+    if (event == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (event_id == MQTT_EVENT_CONNECTED) {
+        xSemaphoreTake(s_ctx.lock, portMAX_DELAY);
+        s_ctx.mqtt_connected = true;
+        xSemaphoreGive(s_ctx.lock);
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "MQTT 已连接");
+
+        // 连接成功后订阅配置的主题
+        if (strlen(CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC) > 0) {
+            esp_mqtt_client_subscribe(s_ctx.mqtt_client, CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC, 0);
+            ESP_LOGI(TAG, "已订阅主题: %s", CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC);
+        }
+    } else if (event_id == MQTT_EVENT_DISCONNECTED) {
+        xSemaphoreTake(s_ctx.lock, portMAX_DELAY);
+        s_ctx.mqtt_connected = false;
+        xSemaphoreGive(s_ctx.lock);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "MQTT 已断开连接");
+    } else if (event_id == MQTT_EVENT_DATA) {
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "收到 MQTT 消息: topic=%.*s payload=%.*s",
+                 event->topic_len,
+                 event->topic,
+                 event->data_len,
+                 event->data);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief 启动 MQTT 客户端
+ */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_start(void)
+{
+    if (s_ctx.lock == NULL) {
+        s_ctx.lock = xSemaphoreCreateMutex();
+        ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(s_ctx.lock != NULL, ESP_ERR_NO_MEM, TAG, "互斥锁创建失败");
+    }
+
+    if (s_ctx.mqtt_client != NULL) {
+        return ESP_OK;
+    }
+
+    char mqtt_uri[256];
+    bool mqtt_uri_prefixed = false;
+    const char *normalized_uri = agri_env_get_normalized_mqtt_uri(mqtt_uri, sizeof(mqtt_uri), &mqtt_uri_prefixed);
+    
+    if (normalized_uri == NULL) {
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "MQTT Broker URI 为空，请在 menuconfig 中填写");
+        return ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+    }
+
+    if (mqtt_uri_prefixed) {
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "MQTT Broker URI 已规范化为: %s", normalized_uri);
+    }
+
+    // MQTT 客户端配置
+    const esp_mqtt_client_config_t mqtt_cfg = {
+        .broker.address.uri = normalized_uri,
+        .credentials.client_id = CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_CLIENT_ID,
+        .credentials.username = CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_USERNAME,
+        .credentials.authentication.password = CONFIG_AGRI_ENV_MQTT_PASSWORD,
+        .session.protocol_ver = MQTT_PROTOCOL_V_3_1, // 使用 MQTT v3.1 协议
+    };
+
+    s_ctx.mqtt_client = esp_mqtt_client_init(&mqtt_cfg);
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(s_ctx.mqtt_client != NULL, ESP_FAIL, TAG, "MQTT 客户端初始化失败");
+
+    // 注册所有 MQTT 事件的回调
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(
+        esp_mqtt_client_register_event(s_ctx.mqtt_client, MQTT_EVENT_ANY, agri_env_mqtt_event_handler, NULL),
+        TAG,
+        "MQTT 注册事件失败");
+
+    // 启动 MQTT 客户端任务
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(esp_mqtt_client_start(s_ctx.mqtt_client), TAG, "MQTT 启动失败");
+    return ESP_OK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief 停止并销毁 MQTT 客户端
+ */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_stop(void)
+{
+    if (s_ctx.mqtt_client == NULL) {
+        return ESP_OK;
+    }
+
+    esp_err_t err = esp_mqtt_client_stop(s_ctx.mqtt_client);
+    if (err != ESP_OK) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    err = esp_mqtt_client_destroy(s_ctx.mqtt_client);
+    if (err != ESP_OK) {
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    xSemaphoreTake(s_ctx.lock, portMAX_DELAY);
+    s_ctx.mqtt_client = NULL;
+    s_ctx.mqtt_connected = false;
+    xSemaphoreGive(s_ctx.lock);
+
+    return ESP_OK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief 检查 MQTT 是否已成功连接
+ * 
+ * @return true 已连接, false 未连接
+ */
+bool agri_env_mqtt_is_connected(void)
+{
+    bool connected = false;
+    if (s_ctx.lock == NULL) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    xSemaphoreTake(s_ctx.lock, portMAX_DELAY);
+    connected = s_ctx.mqtt_connected;
+    xSemaphoreGive(s_ctx.lock);
+
+    return connected;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief 发布数据到指定主题
+ * 
+ * 当前处于“仅 MQTT”模式，发布内容为固定的 JSON 数据：{"mode":"mqtt_only"}
+ * 
+ * @param topic 目标主题
+ * @param qos 服务质量等级
+ * @param retain 保留消息标识
+ * @return esp_err_t 成功返回 ESP_OK，失败返回相应错误码
+ */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_publish(const char *topic, const char *payload, int qos, int retain)
+{
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(topic != NULL && topic[0] != '\0', ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG, TAG, "主题为空");
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(payload != NULL, ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG, TAG, "内容为空");
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(s_ctx.mqtt_client != NULL, ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE, TAG, "MQTT 客户端未启动");
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(agri_env_mqtt_is_connected(), ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE, TAG, "MQTT 未连接");
+
+    int msg_id = esp_mqtt_client_publish(s_ctx.mqtt_client, topic, payload, 0, qos, retain);
+
+    ESP_RETURN_ON_FALSE(msg_id >= 0, ESP_FAIL, TAG, "MQTT 发布失败");
+    return ESP_OK;
+}
+
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_publish_latest(const char *topic, int qos, int retain)
+{
+    static const char *payload = "{\"mode\":\"mqtt_only\"}";
+    return agri_env_mqtt_publish(topic, payload, qos, retain);
+}

components/agri_env/include/agri_env.h

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+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "esp_err.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* 启动 MQTT 客户端连接。 */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_start(void);
+/* 停止 MQTT 客户端连接并释放资源。 */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_stop(void);
+/* 查询 MQTT 当前是否已连接。 */
+bool agri_env_mqtt_is_connected(void);
+/* 发布指定的 JSON 载荷到指定主题。 */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_publish(const char *topic, const char *payload, int qos, int retain);
+/* 发布固定 MQTT-only 心跳载荷到指定主题。 */
+esp_err_t agri_env_mqtt_publish_latest(const char *topic, int qos, int retain);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif